Be sure to study English participles before you attempt to master Greek participles. video All Greek participles are either articular or .
If articular, then it must be either attributive or substantival.
If anarthrous, then it may still be attributive or substantival but many anarthrous participles have an adverbial meaning. Note: even adverbial participles will still be modifying a noun (it will agree with that noun in gender, number, and case).
Substantival participles will be performing one of the noun functions and hence won’t be modifying anything.
Study chapter 26 in BBG.